安南醫院 游朝慶醫師
接下來,有一群整形外科或皮膚科醫師想用轉皮瓣的方式來改良這種方法,如皮膚科醫師Aksoy在2009年發表的Lateral foldplasty,若較嚴重患者,如有肉芽,則加做部分甲母切除,52例沒有復發1。圖1. Lateral foldplasty1
土耳其的整外醫師Cöloğlu 於2005年在使用partial matricectomy 後,接著做一個側甲壁的前進皮瓣advancement flap2。
圖2. advancement flap2
伊朗的Reza於2009及2012年各發表他的簡單手術技巧(Simple Surgical Technique)3,4,即切除肉芽,抬高趾甲邊,將側甲壁的皮縫到趾甲下。
圖3. Simple Surgical Technique3,4
2014年Hashish的方法則不切除甲床,目的為讓趾甲變平,不像兩側捲屈,他先做側甲壁的楔狀切除,拔除一部份趾甲,露出甲床,然後將甲床與其下的骨膜一起掀起,做成一個複合皮瓣composite flap,將此皮瓣與旁邊的皮膚縫合,以形成一個平坦的趾甲。其復發率為05。
圖4. composite flap5
2015年İnce發表knot technique,將趾甲前端旁發炎的肉芽組織包括一部份的甲床楔狀切除,將此傷口以縫線縫合後並連續打8-10個結,最後從趾甲下方將線穿出趾甲,讓這個結放到趾甲下方,有點像保守療法的packing method。復發率2.2%(1/45) for 13months6。
圖5. knot technique6
這類整型手術我認為其實應該只適合感染較不嚴重的個案,在嚴重的情況,可先拔除指甲,等消炎後再延遲做這類手術。然而是否能防止復發則很難說。但對於整形外科醫師而言,覺得會比較有技術、較專業一點,且給付也能比較高一點。
1. Aksoy B, Aksoy HM, Civas E, Oc B, Atakan N. Lateral foldplasty with or without partial matricectomy for the management of ingrown toenails. Dermatol Surg. 2009 Mar;35(3):462-8
2. Cöloğlu H, Koçer U, Sungur N, A new anatomical repair method for the treatment of ingrown nail: prospective comparison of wedge resection of the matrix and partial matricectomy followed by lateral fold advancement flap. Ann Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;54(3):306-11; discussion 312. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Harun_Coeloglu/publication/8007482_A_new_anatomical_repair_method_for_the_treatment_of_ingrown_nail_Prospective_comparison_of_wedge_resection_of_the_matrix_and_partial_matricectomy_followed_by_lateral_fold_advancement_flap/links/53f127050cf26b9b7dcf05bc.pdf
3. Seyed Reza Mousavi, Arash Najaf Beygi, Mohammad Raeeszadeh, Simple Surgical Technique for Ingrown Toenail Surgery, Iranian Journal of Dermatology,Vol 12, No 3, Autumn 2009. 87. 伊朗
4. Mousavi SR, Khoshnevice J. A new surgical technique for ingrown toenail.ISRN Surg. 2012;2012:438915. doi: 10.5402/2012/438915. Epub 2012 May 13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3359688/pdf/ISRN.SURGERY2012-438915.pdf
5. Hashish AM, Habib ME, Al-Busaidi S. Ingrowing nail correction by advancing composite flap of the nailbed and periosteum—a simple and effective technique. Modern Plast Surg. 2014;4(2):26–31. http://file.scirp.org/pdf/MPS_2014041113273837.pdf (open access)
6. İnce B, Dadacı M, Bilgen F, Yarar S. Comparison between knot and Winograd techniques on ingrown nail treatment. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2015;49(5):539-43
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